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74 · A KR ACADEMIC

"The Doughnut Economist"

Kate Raworth

CHAPTER
ch09 · No Way Know-How
TIER
Academic
STATUS
Living · Active
ACTIVE
1970 – present
AFFILIATION
Oxford University · Amsterdam Donut Coalition
JURISDICTION
Ecological Economics / Planetary Boundaries / Systems Design
COLD OPEN
"The economy is not a machine to be optimized. It is a garden to be tended. GDP growth is not a goal — it is a side effect of coordination between human needs and planetary limits. Design the coordination and growth becomes irrelevant as a metric."
OVERVIEW

Economist who replaced the linear growth model with the Doughnut: a safe and just space for humanity bounded above by planetary ceilings and below by social foundations. Her framework has been adopted by cities including Amsterdam, Copenhagen, and Melbourne as a practical governance coordination tool.

WHY THIS VOICE MATTERS TO KNOWWARE
Raworth redesigns the coordination architecture of economics — shifting from a two-body system (production → consumption) to a three-body model where human welfare and planetary limits are both active participants. Her Doughnut is the coordination constraint that makes long-run economic intelligence possible. Without it, optimization produces overshoot.
OUTSTANDING NOTES
  • ◦Shuttleworth Foundation Fellow
  • ◦Post-Growth Economics Network recognition
CLASSIFICATION
KR
ACADEMIC · TIER A
ch09
METHODS & FRAMEWORKS
5 entries
Doughnut economicsPlanetary boundariesSocial foundationRegenerative economiesGrowth agnosticism
KEY WORKS
  1. 01 Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st Century Economist (2017)
  2. 02 A Safe and Just Space for Humanity (2012)
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